Autoimmune liver diseases are a group of disorders where the immune system erroneously attacks liver tissues, resulting in inflammation and dysfunction. Key conditions include autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and primary biliary cholangitis, each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications. ddo-
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a critical medical condition characterized by rapid liver dysfunction, often leading to life-threatening complications. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and management is essential for timely intervention and improving patient outcomes. ddo-
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and polyps are prevalent conditions that pose substantial challenges in healthcare due to their rising incidence rates. Early detection and comprehensive understanding of their underlying mechanisms are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality. ddo-
Liver function tests (LFTs) are vital in assessing liver health and function. They provide crucial information for diagnosing liver diseases, monitoring their progression, and informing treatment strategies. ddo-
Chronic hepatitis is a prolonged inflammation of the liver lasting for months or years, frequently resulting from viral infections like hepatitis B or C. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent severe complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma. ddo-
Diverticular diseases encompass a range of conditions characterized by the formation of diverticula in the colon wall. These pouches can lead to complications like diverticulitis and gastrointestinal bleeding, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective management strategies. ddo-
Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases encompass a range of conditions that can significantly impact digestive health. Common disorders such as cholecystitis, gallstones, and biliary obstruction require a thorough understanding for effective diagnosis and management, as they can lead to serious complications involving the liver and pancreas. ddo-
Gastric and esophageal cancers are major contributors to global health burdens, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations. ddo-
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a prevalent clinical issue that can manifest in various ways, including mild symptoms like melena and hematochezia or severe cases such as massive upper GI hemorrhage. Understanding the underlying causes and timely management is crucial to mitigate potential complications. ddo-
The gastrointestinal (GI) system plays a vital role in our overall health by processing food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. This intricate network of organs works in harmony through mechanical digestion, enzymatic processes, hormonal signals, and microbial interactions. ddo-
Hepatic circulation physiology is crucial for understanding the liver's role in detoxification, metabolism, and nutrient processing. This lecture will explore the unique dynamics of blood flow in the liver, focusing on the portal vein, hepatic arteries, and veins. ddo-
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic conditions that lead to significant inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. A thorough understanding of their pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment is essential for healthcare providers to enhance patient outcomes and improve overall quality of life. ddo-
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder that manifests through chronic abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. This condition is often exacerbated by stress and dietary factors, leading to significant impacts on patients' quality of life. ddo-
Malabsorption is a condition characterized by the impaired absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract into the bloodstream. This leads to nutritional deficiencies despite adequate dietary intake, significantly impacting overall health and often associated with various gastrointestinal disorders. ddo-
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas that can manifest in two forms: acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis often arises from factors such as gallstones or alcohol abuse and can resolve with appropriate treatment, while chronic pancreatitis leads to progressive damage and complications over time. ddo-